The characteristics of the material of CNC lathe machine tool castings are: single-column CNC lathe machine tool body casting size is large, CNC lathe length can reach several meters; quality can reach more than 10t, wall thickness is 15~30mm. The requirements are: good precision stability and shock absorption, high modulus of elasticity, suitable compressive strength, moderate hardness and excellent wear resistance; good casting properties required in the process, high It is resistant to deformation and is easy to cut and requires lower production costs, such as melting in a cupola furnace and using a smaller amount of alloying elements. To meet the above requirements, the microstructure should be a pearlite structure, plus a type A graphite with a length less than 250 tim and a uniform distribution, and a certain amount of binary phosphorus eutectic is also required. China's machine tool castings generally use HT250 and HT300 to inoculate iron castings as materials. In order to improve the service life of the machine tool, various alloy cast irons such as P-Cu-Ti cast iron, Cr-Mo-Cu cast iron and V-Ti cast iron are widely used.
     In order to improve the wear resistance and reliability of the machine tool, the material is developed in the direction of high strength and high rigidity. In recent years, some new cast iron materials for machine tools have been developed. details as follows. 1 at a higher carbon equivalent, such as ≥ 3.5%, by increasing the proportion of scrap, such as up to so%; increasing the superheat temperature of the molten iron, such as up to 1500 ° C; using a multi-component inoculant, such as containing Ca, Mn, Bi The ferrosilicon makes the grade of cast iron reach HT350.
     2 Adjust the ratio of Si to c and Mn to Si in the cast iron composition. When the carbon equivalent is 3.4% to 3.8%, the Si/C is from o. 4~o. 5 is raised to o. 7~o. 8; Mn / Si from o. 5~o. 6 increased to 1. o~1 A small amount of elements which stabilize the pearlite such as Cr, Cu, Sb, Sn, etc. are appropriately added. What are the characteristics of the material of the machine tool casting: the size of the casting of the machine tool body is large, up to several meters long; the quality of the 200-ton CNC lathe can reach more than 10t, and the wall thickness is 15~30mm. The requirements are: good precision stability and shock absorption, high modulus of elasticity, suitable compressive strength, moderate hardness and excellent wear resistance; good casting properties required in the process, high It is resistant to deformation and is easy to cut and requires lower production costs, such as melting in a cupola furnace and using a smaller amount of alloying elements. To meet the above requirements, the microstructure should be a pearlite structure, plus a type A graphite with a length less than 250 tim and a uniform distribution, and a certain amount of binary phosphorus eutectic is also required.
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